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δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 6, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1414-6

Abstract:

• Challenges in sampling of NH3 sources for d15N analysis are highlighted.

Keywords： Aerosol ammonium     Atmospheric gaseous ammonia     Isotope fingerprinting     Isotope-based source apportionment    

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Considerations on Innovation in the Development of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

Wang Zhidong,Gao Meixu

Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 1,   Pages 86-90

Abstract: and existing problems in the field of nuclear agricultural sciences (NAS) are reviewed .Including the applicationof nuclear technology in mutation breeding by irradiation, isotopic technique application, food irradiationChina has made great achievements in the research and application of nuclear technique in agriculture

Keywords： nuclear agricultural sciences     mutation breeding     isotope application     food irradiation     sterile insect technique    

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biostimulated by ethanol during uranium (VI) bioremediation in contaminated sediment as shown by stable isotope

Mary Beth LEIGH,Wei-Min WU,Erick CARDENAS,Ondrej UHLIK,Sue CARROLL,Terry GENTRY,Terence L. MARSH,Jizhong ZHOU,Philip JARDINE,Craig S. CRIDDLE,James M. TIEDJE

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 3,   Pages 453-464 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0721-6

Abstract: Stable isotope probing (SIP) was used to identify microbes stimulated by ethanol addition in microcosms

Keywords： Stable isotope probing (SIP)     ethanol     acetate     uranium reduction     sediment     bioremediation    

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Determination of 27 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water: The benefit of isotope

Xueqi Fan, Jie Gao, Wenchao Li, Jun Huang, Gang Yu

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1187-3

Abstract: • Isotope dilution method was developed for the determination of 27 PPCPs in water. • The established27 PPCPs in various water samples were extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE), and determined by isotopeThe isotope dilution method seems to be of benefit when the extract has to be stored for long time before

Keywords： Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs)     Isotopically labeled standard (ILSs)     Water     Solid-phase extraction (SPE)     LC-MS/MS    

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Environment Isotope Method to Investigate the Bypass Abutment Seepage Flow in Xin'anjiang Right Dam

Chen Jiansheng,Liu Jiangang,Dong Haizhou,Chen Liang

Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 1,   Pages 57-63

Abstract:

Environmental isotope 2H, 18O and 3H, temperature and electric conductivityEnvironmental isotope data on the right dam indicate the existence of bypass seepage flow in rock.

Keywords： environment isotope     by-pass seepage     precipitation     reservoir    

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Spin polarization strategy to deploy proton resource over atomic-level metal sites for highly selective CO electrolysis

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 12,   Pages 1772-1781 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2197-4

Abstract: Unlocking of the extremely inert C=O bond during electrochemical CO2 reduction demands subtle regulation on a key “resource”, protons, necessary for intermediate conversion but also readily trapped in water splitting, which is still challenging for developing efficient single-atom catalysts limited by their structural simplicity usually incompetent to handle this task. Incorporation of extra functional units should be viable. Herein, a proton deployment strategy is demonstrated via “atomic and nanostructured iron (A/N-Fe) pairs”, comprising atomically dispersed iron active centers spin-polarized by nanostructured iron carbide ferromagnets, to boost the critical protonation steps. The as-designed catalyst displays a broad window (300 mV) for CO selectivity > 90% (98% maximum), even outperforming numerous cutting-edge M–N–C systems. The well-placed control of proton dynamics by A/N-Fe can promote *COOH/*CO formation and simultaneously suppress H2 evolution, benefiting from the magnetic-proximity-induced exchange splitting (spin polarization) that properly adjusts energy levels of the Fe sites’ d-shells, and further those of the adsorbed intermediates’ antibonding molecular orbitals.

Keywords： single-atom catalysts     spin polarization     proton dynamics     in situ IR spectroscopy     kinetic isotope    

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Nitrogen pollution and source identification of urban ecosystem surface water in Beijing

Yufen REN, Zhiwei XU, Xinyu ZHANG, Xiaoke WANG, Xiaomin SUN, D. J. BALLANTINE, Shengzhong WANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 106-116 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0474-z

Abstract: Nitrogen contamination of surface water is a worldwide environmental problem with intensive agriculture and high population densities. We assessed the spatial and seasonal variation in concentrations of total nitrogen and different nitrogen species present in surface-water in Beijing, China. Also, chemical ( ) and isotopic ( ) indicators were used to identify nitrate sources. The results showed that, during 2009 and 2010, nitrate nitrogen concentrations ranged from 0.7 to 7.6 mg·L , ammonium nitrogen from 0.1 to 3.4 mg·L , and total nitrogen from 2.4 to 17.0 mg·L . Inorganic nitrogen accounted for between 60 and 100% of total nitrogen at the ten monitoring sites. Nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and total nitrogen concentrations at the 2 downstream monitoring sites in south-eastern Beijing were significantly higher than those at the other eight upstream monitoring sites ( <0.01). Examination of seasonal variation showed that there was a significant inverse relationship between nitrate nitrogen concentrations and precipitation, and that nitrate nitrogen concentrations peaked in the dry seasons. The information given by the values and nitrate nitrogen concentrations, combined with the ratio distribution, showed that domestic sewage was the major source of nitrate in Beijing. Methods to control and reduce sewage pollution are urgently needed to help manage surface water quality in Beijing.

Keywords： nitrogen concentration     spatial and seasonal variation     stable nitrogen isotope     urban ecosystem     source    

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Non-electric welding and its application on equipment under emergency conditions

HU Junzhi, HU Chunhua, MA Shining, XIN Wentong

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2007, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 239-242 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0042-6

Abstract: that the welding technique is simple, the performance of the welding line is excellent, and that the applicationTherefore, non-electric welding shows favorable application value and potential prospect.

Keywords： development     strength     technique     application     favorable application    

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Cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication machining: from mechanism to application

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2021, Volume 16, Issue 4,   Pages 649-697 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0654-2

Abstract: gas and the lack of lubricating performance of cryogenic cooling technology limit their industrial applicationFirst, the application forms and process characteristics of CMQL devices in turning, milling, and grindingThe effects of CMQL are systematically analyzed based on its mechanism and application form.Results show that the application effect of CMQL is better than that of cryogenic technology or MQL aloneFinally, the prospect, which provides basis and support for engineering application and development of

Keywords： cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication (CMQL)     cryogenic medium     processing mode     device application     mechanism     application effect    

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Recent progress in hydrodynamic characteristics research and application of annular centrifugal extractors

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6,   Pages 854-873 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2156-0

Abstract: The annular centrifugal extractor (ACE) integrates mixing and separation. It has been widely used in many industrial fields because of its low residence time, compact structure, and high mass transfer efficiency. Most of the literature has focused on flow instabilities, flow visualization, and computational fluid dynamics simulations. More recently, research on hydrodynamic behavior and structural optimization has received widespread attention. With the development of ACE technology, applications have been broadened into several new areas. Hence, this paper reviews research progress regarding ACE in terms of hydrodynamic characteristics and the structural improvements. The latest applications covering hydrometallurgy, nuclear fuel reprocessing, bio-extraction, catalytic reaction, and wastewater treatment are presented. We also evaluate future work in droplet breakup and coalescence mechanisms, structural improvements specific to different process requirements, scaling-up methods, and stability and reliability after scaling-up.

Keywords： annular centrifugal extractor     hydrodynamic characteristics     structure optimization     the latest application    

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Therapeutic application of hydrogen sulfide donors: the potential and challenges

Dan Wu,Qingxun Hu,Yizhun Zhu

Frontiers of Medicine 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1,   Pages 18-27 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0427-6

Abstract:

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a colorless gas smelling of rotten egg, has long been considered a toxic gas and environment hazard. However, evidences show that H2S plays a great role in many physiological and pathological activities, and it exhibits different effects when applied at various doses. In this review, we summarize the chemistry and biomedical applications of H2S-releasing compounds, including inorganic salts, phosphorodithioate derivatives, derivatives of Allium sativum extracts, derivatives of thioaminoacids, and derivatives of anti-inflammatory drugs.

Keywords： hydrogen sulfide     cardiovascular     cancer     hypertension    

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Preparation and application of magnetic microsphere carriers

ZHANG Bo, XING Jianmin, LIU Huizhou

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 96-101 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0019-3

Abstract: In this paper, preparation methods, surface modification and application of magnetic carriers are reviewed

Keywords： microsphere     biomedicine     DNA     purification     preparation    

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Theoretical research and application of petrochemical Cyber-physical Systems

Jiming WANG

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2017, Volume 4, Issue 3,   Pages 242-255 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017053

Abstract: A petrochemical smart factory is a green, efficient, safe and sustainable modern factory that combines cutting-edge information and communication technology with petrochemical advanced technology and equipment. A Cyber-physical System (CPS) is the infrastructure of a petrochemical smart factory. Based on the future challenges of the petrochemical industry, this paper proposes the definition, connotation and framework of a petrochemical CPS and constructs a CPS system at the enterprise, unit and field levels, respectively. Furthermore, the paper provides theoretical support and implementation reference of a CPS in the petrochemical industry and other industries by investigating the construction practice of a multi-level CPS in the China Petrochemical Corporation (SINOPEC).

Keywords： Cyber-physical System (CPS)     petrochemical industry     smart factory    

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A review on the application of nanofluids in enhanced oil recovery

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 8,   Pages 1165-1197 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2120-4

Abstract: Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has been widely used to recover residual oil after the primary or secondary oil recovery processes. Compared to conventional methods, chemical EOR has demonstrated high oil recovery and low operational costs. Nanofluids have received extensive attention owing to their advantages of low cost, high oil recovery, and wide applicability. In recent years, nanofluids have been widely used in EOR processes. Moreover, several studies have focused on the role of nanofluids in the nanofluid EOR (N-EOR) process. However, the mechanisms related to N-EOR are unclear, and several of the mechanisms established are chaotic and contradictory. This review was conducted by considering heavy oil molecules/particle/surface micromechanics; nanofluid-assisted EOR methods; multiscale, multiphase pore/core displacement experiments; and multiphase flow fluid-solid coupling simulations. Nanofluids can alter the wettability of minerals (particle/surface micromechanics), oil/water interfacial tension (heavy oil molecules/water micromechanics), and structural disjoining pressure (heavy oil molecules/particle/surface micromechanics). They can also cause viscosity reduction (micromechanics of heavy oil molecules). Nanofoam technology, nanoemulsion technology, and injected fluids were used during the EOR process. The mechanism of N-EOR is based on the nanoparticle adsorption effect. Nanoparticles can be adsorbed on mineral surfaces and alter the wettability of minerals from oil-wet to water-wet conditions. Nanoparticles can also be adsorbed on the oil/water surface, which alters the oil/water interfacial tension, resulting in the formation of emulsions. Asphaltenes are also adsorbed on the surface of nanoparticles, which reduces the asphaltene content in heavy oil, resulting in a decrease in the viscosity of oil, which helps in oil recovery. In previous studies, most researchers only focused on the results, and the nanoparticle adsorption properties have been ignored. This review presents the relationship between the adsorption properties of nanoparticles and the N-EOR mechanisms. The nanofluid behaviour during a multiphase core displacement process is also discussed, and the corresponding simulation is analysed. Finally, potential mechanisms and future directions of N-EOR are proposed. The findings of this study can further the understanding of N-EOR mechanisms from the perspective of heavy oil molecules/particle/surface micromechanics, as well as clarify the role of nanofluids in multiphase core displacement experiments and simulations. This review also presents limitations and bottlenecks, guiding researchers to develop methods to synthesise novel nanoparticles and conduct further research.

Keywords： nanofluid     EOR mechanism     nanoparticle adsorption     interface property     internal property    

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Development and application of some renovated technologies for municipal wastewater treatment in China

QIAN Yi, WEN Xianghua, HUANG Xia

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 1-12 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0001-9

Abstract: This paper discusses the development and application of the appropriate technologies, including natural

Keywords： reclamation     Wastewater discharge     renovated     biological treatment     application    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source

Journal Article

Considerations on Innovation in the Development of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

Wang Zhidong,Gao Meixu

Journal Article

biostimulated by ethanol during uranium (VI) bioremediation in contaminated sediment as shown by stable isotope

Mary Beth LEIGH,Wei-Min WU,Erick CARDENAS,Ondrej UHLIK,Sue CARROLL,Terry GENTRY,Terence L. MARSH,Jizhong ZHOU,Philip JARDINE,Craig S. CRIDDLE,James M. TIEDJE

Journal Article

Determination of 27 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water: The benefit of isotope

Xueqi Fan, Jie Gao, Wenchao Li, Jun Huang, Gang Yu

Journal Article

Environment Isotope Method to Investigate the Bypass Abutment Seepage Flow in Xin'anjiang Right Dam

Chen Jiansheng,Liu Jiangang,Dong Haizhou,Chen Liang

Journal Article

Spin polarization strategy to deploy proton resource over atomic-level metal sites for highly selective CO electrolysis

Journal Article

Nitrogen pollution and source identification of urban ecosystem surface water in Beijing

Yufen REN, Zhiwei XU, Xinyu ZHANG, Xiaoke WANG, Xiaomin SUN, D. J. BALLANTINE, Shengzhong WANG

Journal Article

Non-electric welding and its application on equipment under emergency conditions

HU Junzhi, HU Chunhua, MA Shining, XIN Wentong

Journal Article

Cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication machining: from mechanism to application

Journal Article

Recent progress in hydrodynamic characteristics research and application of annular centrifugal extractors

Journal Article

Therapeutic application of hydrogen sulfide donors: the potential and challenges

Dan Wu,Qingxun Hu,Yizhun Zhu

Journal Article

Preparation and application of magnetic microsphere carriers

ZHANG Bo, XING Jianmin, LIU Huizhou

Journal Article

Theoretical research and application of petrochemical Cyber-physical Systems

Jiming WANG

Journal Article

A review on the application of nanofluids in enhanced oil recovery

Journal Article

Development and application of some renovated technologies for municipal wastewater treatment in China

QIAN Yi, WEN Xianghua, HUANG Xia

Journal Article